Between Attacks and Hope: Main Actors in the Palestinian War- 3 –

3. Main Actors in the Palestinian War.

The conflict between Israel and Palestine, often referred to as the “Palestinian war,” has been shaped and intensified by a variety of key actors. These actors, who hail from both the Palestinian territory and Israel, have played crucial roles in shaping the trajectory of the Palestinian war over the years. The main actors on both sides of the conflict are examined below.

Palestine:

Palestinian Authority (PA):

Established in the mid-1990s following the Oslo Accords, the Palestinian Authority continues to navigate through the turbulent political terrain of the Palestinian war, with limited administrative powers in the West Bank and Gaza. President Mahmoud Abbas, in office since 2005, supports a two-state solution, although his leadership has been criticized for alleged corruption and autocratic tendencies.

Hamas:

Emerging in 1987, Hamas has deep ideological roots in the Muslim Brotherhood and serves as a political entity and militant force in the Palestinian war. The leadership of Ismail Haniyeh and Yahya Sinwar in Gaza emphasizes armed resistance against the Israeli occupation, with Mohammed Deif leading the military wing of Hamas, the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades.

Israel:

Israeli military forces have had a significant impact on the Palestinian war, conducting numerous military operations in Gaza and the West Bank over the years. Israel’s military actions have often been direct responses to attacks by Palestinian militant groups, including those orchestrated by Hamas.

International Actors:

In the canvas of the Palestinian war, international actors have played no small role, trying to broker peace or, in some cases, influencing the dynamics of the conflict.

Egypt and Qatar:

Countries such as Egypt and Qatar have taken on roles as mediators at various times in the Palestinian war, trying to facilitate ceasefire or reconciliation agreements between the warring parties. Their geographical location and diplomatic relations have made them key players in discussions for peace.

Impact of the International Community:

The international community has attempted to mediate a peaceful solution through various initiatives. However, political differences and shifting alliances have often complicated peacemaking efforts, making the road to a lasting solution even more arduous.

Consequences of the Palestinian War:

The Palestinian war not only caused human loss and suffering, but also created a complex political and social situation in the region. The continuing struggle for territorial control and sovereignty has led to a number of challenges for both Israel and Palestine, and has had global repercussions.

Dislocation and Humanitarian Crisis:

Civilian displacement and humanitarian crises have been a painful feature of the Palestinian war. Many Palestinian families have been displaced from their homes, while military attacks have caused loss of life and destruction.

Economy and Development:

The region’s economy has been severely affected by the Palestinian war. Foreign investment has declined, while the destruction of infrastructure has hindered economic and social development.

Attempts at Resolution and Future Challenges:

Despite national and international mediation efforts, the road to a peaceful solution in the Palestinian war remains fraught with difficulties. Ideological differences, territorial claims and mutual distrust continue to hinder progress toward a lasting resolution.

Peace Initiative and Future Agreements:

Peace initiatives, such as the Oslo Accords and other bilateral and multilateral discussions, have offered flashes of hope. However, the realization of lasting peace requires sustained efforts by all parties involved and the international community.

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